What is Network | Origin of Internet | Client Server Model With Diagram | Function With Diagram
The Internet is a Global network that connects billions of Computers
across the world with each other through the World Wide Web. It uses a standard
internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to connect billions of Computer users through World
Wide. It is set up by using cables such as optical fibers and other wireless
and networking technologies/
What is Network?
The Internet is called a network as it creates a network by connecting
servers worldwide using routers, Switches, and telephone lines. and other
communication devices and channels. So, it can be considered a global network of
physical cables such as copper wire, fiber optics cables, tv cables, etc.
Origin of Internet
The Internet came in the year, 1960 with the creation of the first
working model ARPANET (Advanced Research Project Agency Network). It allowed
multiple computers to work on a single network which was their biggest
achievement at the time ARPANET use packet switching to communicate multiple
computer systems under a single network. In October 1969, using ARPANET first
message was transferred from one computer to another. After that, technology
continues. to grow.
Client Server Model
A client-server networking model is a model in which computers such as
servers provide network services to another computer such as clients to perform
user-based tasks. This model is known as a client-server. network model.
Client:
An application program known as a Client program, running on the
local machine requests a service from an application program known as a Server
program, running on the remote machine. A client program runs only when it
requests a service from the server. While the server program runs all time as
it does not know when its service is required. A client program is a finite
program which means that the service is started by the user and terminates when
the service is completed
Server:
i.
A
server is a program that runs on the remote machine providing services to the
client. When the client requests a service, then the server opens the door for
the incoming requests, but it never initiates the services.
ii.
A
server program is infinite means that when it starts, it runs infinitely
unless the program problem arises. The server. waits for incoming requests from
the client. When the request arises at the server, then it responds to the
requests
iii.
A
server provides a service for many. client. Therefore, we can say that client
servers follow the many-to-one relationship. Many clients can we the service of
one server.
iv.
Services are required frequently and, many
users have a specific client-server. application program. For e.g.-The client-server
application, the program allows the user to access files, send emails, and so
on.
If the services are more customized, then we should
have one generic application program that allows the user to access the service
available on the remote computer.
Read More What is Network
Advantages of client-server network:
Centralized: Centralized backup is possible in a client-server network, i.e.,
all data is stored in a server
Security: The network is more secure as all the shared resources are
centrally administered.
Performance: The use of dedicated
servers increases the speed of sharing resources. This increases the
performance of the overall system.
Scalability: We can increase the number of clients and servers
separately, i.e., the new element can be added or we can add a new node in a
network at any time.
Read More Architecture of Computers
The disadvantage of the Client server network:
Traffic Congestion is a
big problem in Client/Server networks. Wen, when a large number of clients send
a request to the same servers, may cause the problem. traffic congestion.
It does not have a robust network i.e. when the server is down then the client’s
request cannot be met.
Function
The main function of the internet protocol is to provide addressing to
the host, encapsulate the data into a packet structure, and route the data from
the source to the destination across one or more, IP networks. To achieve these functionalities, internet protocol provides two major things
which are given below.
- Format other f IP packet
- IP Addressing system
Before an IP packet is sent over the network, two major components are added to an IP packet i.e., header and payload.
