The architecture of Computers | Diagrammatic Explanation In Details
The Basic Block
Diagram of the Computer consists of the following components: -
1. Central Processing Unit (CPU)
The Central Processing Unit is called the brain of the computer. CPU has
2 different parts:
a) Control Unit: Control Unit has a set
of resistors and circuits that generates control signals.
b) Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU): ALU is
responsible for executing Arithmetic and Logical Operations such as addition,
multiplication, etc.
2. Input Module
The input module consists of some basic components that accept data and
instructions in some form and convert them into an internal form of signals usable
by the system.
3. Output Module
The output unit serves as a medium for displaying the results.
4. Main Memory
The CPU cannot perform all the multiplication tasks alone. To do
multiple tasks, the main memory is required. During the execution of the program
the main memory stores data and instructions temporarily.
Computer Language
In general, computer language can be classified into the following
categories.
i. Machine
Language: The languages which are directly executed by the CPU are called Machine
Language. It is in the form of 0 and 1. i.e., in Binary Language.
ii. Low-level
language: it is a programing language that provides languages that are structurally
similar to the processor’s instructions.
iii. High-level
language: A high-level language is a programming language that enables the development
of a program in much more user-friendly programming and is generally independent
of computer hardware,
Eg: Java, Fortran, Cobol,
Basic, etc.
iv. Assembly
language: An assembly language is a type of low-level language that is intended
to communicate directly with computer hardware. Unlike machine language which consists
of binary and hexadecimal characters. Assembly Language is designed to be readable
by humans.